Liquid Diets Essay -- Dieting Obesity Papers

Liquid Diets Obesity is whizz of the most common problems faced by people today. Since thirty-four meg Americans are estimated to be obese, one out of every three Americans must live with this disorder. Obesity is defined as a body lading consisting of 20% or more above the standard ideal weight (http//www-med.stanford.edu/school/DGIM/Teaching/Modules/obesity.htmlRTFToC12). In order to reduce obesity, most invest in victuals and exercise programs. Recently, liquid diets have been positively modified, thus rising in popularity since their fall out during the late 1970s. Out of the twenty million dieters, about one billion dollars will be spent this year on either medically sponsored liquid diets or over-the-counter liquid diet products (http//www.thriveonline.com/uwUQwQAMBve/wellness/depository library/CAD/abstract13110.html). Even though many companies claim their diet produces safe and effective weight loss, many medical researches express their concern for various wellnes s risk consequences. PURPOSE OF TREATMENT The main purpose of liquid diets is weight loss. Many people have a low-down self-esteem concerning their looks and feel that weight loss would improve their outer appearance. Losing weight tends to boost self confidence by giving a feeling of accomplishment which is an incentive to lose more. to the highest degree of the over the counter liquid diets are invested by people who are not necessarily obese, but interested in taking off the scanty weight. Liquid diets are also widely used to improve health conditions. Dieting results in weight loss which indirectly can decrease health risks. If all Americans were to achieve a normal body weight, it has been estimated that there would be a 3 year increase in life expectancy... ... ledger of Clinical Nutrition. 60(2)249-54, 1994 Aug. Kretsch, MJ., MW Green, AK Fong, NA Elliman, and HL Johnson. Cognitive effects of a long-term weight reducing diet. International Journal of Obesity & Re lated Metabolic Disorders. 21(1)14-21, 1997 Jan. Seim, HC., JE. Mitchell, C. Pomeroy, and M. de Zwaan. Electrocardiographic findings associated with very low calorie dieting. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders. 19(11)817-9, 1995 Nov. Shovic, Anne Caprio, PhD, Susan Adams, Jane Dubitzky, and Melody Anacker. Effectiveness and dropout rate of a very low calorie diet program. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 93(5)583-4, 1993 May. Walsh, MF and TJ Flynn. A 54-month evaluation of a popular very low calorie diet program. Journal of Family Practice. 41(3)231-6, 1995 Sep.

Essay on Exploring Death in Death in Venice -- Death in Venice Essays

Exploring Death in Death in Venice Death in Venice by Thomas Mann, is a story that deals with deathrate on many different levels. There is the obvious physical death by cholera, and the cyclical death in nature in the beginning it is restrain and in the end, autumn. We see a kind of death of the ego in Gustav Aschenbachs dreams. Venice itself is a personification of death, and death is seen as the leitmotif in musical terms. It is besides reflected in the idea of the traveler coming to the end of a long fatiguing journey. It must also be noted there are no women in the story with prominent roles. The heros wife is long dead and his daughter has been married and gone for many years. Any women in the story are merely in the background, unnamed and colorless-totally insignificant. Mann has purposely left them out because they are life givers, the symbol of fertility and birth. (The only one scene where women have an active role is in the degrading and violently promiscuous dream.) There are definite homosexual overtones evident almost from the moment Aschenbach sees Tadzio-the object of his obsession. By far the most strategic level of death appears in the crumbling of Aschenbachs life principles the giving up and letting go of all those ideals that molded his character and had shaped his work and guided every aspect of his entire life. It is a complete handing over of oneself to all that was heretofore anathema to him. The mind, reason, rationality, and all that goes with it service, dignity, and restraint all buckle and die-all fall in the perk up of the onslaught of passion and chaos. Dreams play a major role in the story, and, throughout the history of literature, sleep has often been consid... ...one can surmise perhaps Aschenbachs specter would then have been rowed across the Styx (in a black gondola), or more possibly he would have followed Tadzios outwardly pointing finger and joined Poseidons ranks, plunging into an immensity of richest prospe ct (75) seeking refuge . . . in the bosom of the simple and vast ocean (31). Gustav thought of the boy as Phaeax, one of the sea gods sons (29). He had seen this godlike creature with trickle locks . . . emerging from the depths of sea and sky (33). What more fitting manner of leaving the earthly fray than by returning to the birth of form . . . the origin of the gods (33)? kit and caboodle Cited Freud, Sigmund. Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis. Chps. 9, 14. Funk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia Vol. 24, p. 388. Mann, Thomas. Death in Venice. 1911. New York Vintage, 1958.

Reader Response to James Joyces The Dead Essay -- Joyce Dead Essays

Reader Response to Joyces The all of a sudden James Joyces story The Dead has a tremendous impact on the readers, especially those who argon familiar with the political situation in Ireland at the time about which the Joyce wrote the final story in Dubliners. In exploring the meaning of James Joyces long short-story, The Dead, there are many critical approaches to take. Each approach gives readers a lens, a set of guidelines through which to examine and express likings of the meaning of The Dead. Joyce himself said that the idea of paralysis was the intended theme of all the stories in The Dubliners of which The Dead is the final story. Of all critical approaches, reader response works best for me. This approach examines the images, symbols, point-of-view, enactment and setting of The Dead in such a way as to reveal the theme of paralysis that Joyce intended. The two characters that appeal to me are, Gabriel and his wife Gretta who are invited either year to a family gathering by Gabriels two aunts on New Years eve. Gabriel, who is a university professor, does not want to be identified with Ireland. He wants to be identifies as a citizen of the world. His arrogance is revealed in his interaction with others. A primary example would be the way he treats his wife Gretta as an object. As slam J. Rabinowitz informs one that in reader response criticism the ...activity of reading always alters the text at hand. Unless we are limiting ourselves to reading in the sense of uninflected recitation, reading is never a passive activity to which the reader contributes nothing. In the reader res... ... Gabriel is paralyzed emotionally, as he does not know what is going to buy the farm next. In conclusion the narrators attitude towards the events is perhaps how he wants the reader to interpret the events. The narrator perhaps wants to tell the reader despite all the tension at that time, the people in Dublin still want to forget the problem a nd enjoy at least on New Years Day where it do-nothing be with their loved ones to relax. Work Cited The Dead. Dir. John Houston. Perf. Anjelica Houston, Donal McCann. Bestron Pictures, 1987 Joyce, James. The Dead. Ed. Daniel R. Scwarz. Cornell University, 1994 Rabinowitz, Peter J. A Symbol of Something Interpretive Vertigo in The Dead. Ithaca Cornell UP, 1987 Scwarz, Daniel R., ed. The Dead. Cornell University, 1994

Essay from Things They Carried- Spin Assignment :: essays research papers

Spin AssignmentWrestling a sport for only the top athletes, contenders if you pass on. We jumble through the hardest of physical, mental and emotional b releaseings. I could give any detail of every match I have ever wrestled in, from match score, to the people near me, to what I could have done to make it better. You remember everything about the sport. I remember doing the same thing for four years straight before every match. When I was younger my father taught me prayers to recite every night. Before every match I go directly behind the mat, by myself, and say my prayers. I remember knowing what needed to be done to make weight. Making weight is the first struggle of the sport. Its a challenge to yourself before you brush off even compete, and not an easy task at that. Rubber suits, water pills, boiler rooms, jump ropes, sweats, all triggers to the memories of those long hours sweating off that last stupefy solely to make weight for the match the next day. At the end of t he night, I can recall having to wring out shirts just to take just about sweat off of it so that it wouldnt soak my sports bag. You remember how good ordinary things taste extraordinary after you weigh-in before the match and atomic number 18 allowed to eat again. Every average piece of food you eat tastes like a slice of heaven. There is a time before the match starts that they introduce the line-ups for the respect teams. One team is in weight order on one side of the mat and the other team is on the other side of the mat. They will announce the specific weight and call out each wrestler from the team to meet in the center of the mat and shake hands. This isnt just a chance to meet this is a chance to size him up. This doesnt seem like much, but just by the way this happens you can certify what kind of opponent you are up against. The way he runs out or casually walks out, lets you know how excited or nervous or reassured he is, the way he shakes your hand, with a tight grip a casual slap or barely even touches lets you know how he thinks his chances are in the match, and of course the most important aspect of this is the eye contact made.

Rossetts Model Essay -- Instructional Design Rossett Essays

Rossetts ModelOverview Organizations are constantly faced with finding solutions to their problems. Often times they demand training to transaction as a quick fix to their problems thus, trainers need to make take perspicacity an essential part of their instructional design process. Otherwise, according to Zemke (1998), trainers could very rise end up doing a marvelous job of solving the wrong problems. Therefore, the trainers challenge is to find the problem and to understand it sufficiently so that it can be solved (Rossett, 1987). Analysis or needs assessment is the basis for wise recommendation about instruction and supporting organizational strategies (Rossett 1992). The terms used may vary. Some may refer it to front-end analysis others may site a need to gather information, while some are planning, studying or scoping (Rossett 1990). No matter what it is called, Rossett (1987) believes trainers must make professional and convincing cases for analysis prior to partic ular solutions. This paper will focus on Rossetts Model and look at how each component of the model helps identify an organizations needs in shape to provide possible solutions.Purpose of ask Assessment According to Rossett (1995), needs assessment is the initial pursuit of information about a situation (pg. 183) in order to provide trainers insight into what is needed to improve performance (pg. 184). Conducted at the arising of any training or development process, needs assessments are intended to identify gaps between what should be happening and what is actually happening (Rossett, 1987). In her needs assessment model, Rossett states five purposes of the needs assessment process (Rossett, 1987). This process is i... ...rocess. It is at this stage that all of the future actions of any project are planned. The bottom rail line is that a thorough needs assessment will save time and money in the development process by targeting the cause(s) of the problem in order to pres cribe the correct interventions. ReferencesRossett, A. (1995). Needs assessment. In G.J. Anglin (Ed.), Instructional technology Past, present, future (2nd ed.). (pp. 183-196). Englewood, CO Libraries Unlimited, Inc.Rossett, A. (1992). Performance technology for instructional technologist Comparisons and possibilities. Performance and Instruction, 31(10), 6-10.Rossett, A. (1987). Training Needs Assessment, Englewood Cliffs, NJ Educational Technology Publications.Zemke, R. (1998). How to do a needs assessment when you think you dont have time. Training, 35(3), 38-44

Rossetts Model Essay -- Instructional Design Rossett Essays

Rossetts ModelOverview Organizations are constantly faced with finding solutions to their problems. Often times they demand training to act as a quick fix to their problems thus, trainers need to make needs estimate an essential part of their instructional design process. Otherwise, according to Zemke (1998), trainers could very well closing up doing a marvelous job of solving the wrong problems. Therefore, the trainers challenge is to find the problem and to understand it sufficiently so that it can be solve (Rossett, 1987). Analysis or needs assessment is the basis for wise recommendation about instruction and supporting organizational strategies (Rossett 1992). The terms used may vary. near may refer it to front-end analysis others may site a need to gather information, while some are planning, studying or scoping (Rossett 1990). No bet what it is called, Rossett (1987) believes trainers must make professional and convincing cases for analysis prior to particular soluti ons. This paper will focus on Rossetts Model and look at how severally component of the model helps identify an organizations needs in order to provide possible solutions.Purpose of Needs Assessment According to Rossett (1995), needs assessment is the sign pursuit of information about a situation (pg. 183) in order to provide trainers insight into what is needed to improve performance (pg. 184). Conducted at the beginning of all training or development process, needs assessments are intended to identify gaps between what should be happening and what is actually happening (Rossett, 1987). In her needs assessment model, Rossett states five purposes of the needs assessment process (Rossett, 1987). This process is i... ...rocess. It is at this stage that all of the future actions of any project are planned. The bottom line is that a thorough needs assessment will save time and money in the development process by targeting the cause(s) of the problem in order to order the corr ect interventions. ReferencesRossett, A. (1995). Needs assessment. In G.J. Anglin (Ed.), Instructional technology Past, present, future (2nd ed.). (pp. 183-196). Englewood, CO Libraries Unlimited, Inc.Rossett, A. (1992). Performance technology for instructional technologist Comparisons and possibilities. Performance and Instruction, 31(10), 6-10.Rossett, A. (1987). Training Needs Assessment, Englewood Cliffs, NJ Educational Technology Publications.Zemke, R. (1998). How to do a needs assessment when you think you dont have time. Training, 35(3), 38-44

A few factors Essay

Investigation A few factors (the gradient/height of ramp, the deal of the prey, friction, gravitational attraction, the faculty act on the object lens or the length of object) merchantman affect the concluding speed of an object at the end of the ramp. Planning I am going to do my investigation on mass of the object which I think it is one of the factors that willing affect the last speed of an object at the end of the ramp because when gravitational potency energy equals to mass eons gravity times height, so if mass is increased, the gravitational potential energy will increase in proportionally.I will do the investigate by adding weights on top of a wooden cart to increase the mass, and then I will time how long it takes to fall down from the ramp and calculate the final speed by Diagram Weight add to the cart (grams) 0 100 cc 300 400 Time (sec) 678 607 721 686 693 Weight add to the cart (grams) 500 600 700 800 900 Time (sec) 719 703 661 677 657 My experiment results are According to the results, mass does not affect the final speed of an object at the end of the ramp.I think this is because when something is dropped, it will transfer from gravitational potential energy to kenetic energy So I am going to change my investigation on the height of the ramp. I think height of the ramp will affect the final speed of an object when height of the ramp is increased, the gravitational potential energy will increase proportionally due to G. P. E. = mass x gravity x height Method of doing the experiment I am going to do it by utilize a ramp that I can increase the height. then(prenominal) I will release the cart at the top of the ramp and time how long it will take for the cart to come down.I will increase the height by 5cm each time (5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm and 30cm). I will take down the time thrice to get the average time of it because it is more reliable. Then I will blend out the average speed. I will divide the length of the ramp by the time taken and work out the final speed by doubling the average speed. The length of the ramp is one metre and the weight of the cart is 900 grams. I can see this a fair test by not pushing the cart, doing average on the time, and keeping the mass the same. Apparatus I will need.A fix to hold the ramp, A ramp, A wooden cart as the object and A stopwatch for timing for the experiment. Safety features I will make reliable it is safe by putting books at the end to stop the cart from bumping into others feet and I will make sure no one is standing earnest it. I will do the whole experiment on the ground because this can stop things from falling down the table and hit peoples feet. Diagram Evidence/results I have my experiment results after all of this and they are Height(cm) 5 10 15 20 25 30 mediocre Time(sec) 409 231.180 154 137 110 According to the results, there seems to be a trend. So, I think I will calculate the final speed. Height(cm) 5 10 15 20 25 30 Final speed(cm/s) 0. 489 0. 865 1. 111 1. 299 1. 46 1. 818 The trend is axiomatic now. It shows that whenever the height is increased, the time taken will decrease and the final speed of the cart will increase. From we calculate gravitational energy (mass x gravity/speedup x height), height seems to be one of the main factors that can affect the G. P. E. because as height increases, the G. P. E.will be affected by it.Example if an object with eonian gravity (x), constant mass (y) but falls from changing heights (5 and 10), the outcome will be 5xy and 10xy and this also proved that when the height is increased, the G. P. E. will increase. The forces of gravity pulls down on all objects have on Earth. If objects are allowed to fall, they accelerate downwards. Therefore, if an object is allowed to fall from a higher place, the gravity will pulls down the object with a greater force and the object will accelerate faster as it comes down.If the object falls from a higher place, there will be more time for the ob ject to accelerate, so the final speed of the object will be faster, and as the gravitational force is greater, the object is being pulled harder and quicker. Therefore, this explains wherefore an object will have a faster final speed at the end of the ramp whenever the height of the ramp is increased. At first, I did an experiment on mass of the object that the experiment doesnt work. I have found out that mass doesnt affect the final speed of an object.When an object is held at a certain point, gravitational potential energy is stored when it is dropped, it will transfer gravitational potential energy to kenetic energy. So that means Gravitational potential energy = kenetic energy Mass x gravity x height = 0. 5 x mass x velocity This shows that mass exists on two sides of the equation, that means it can be cancel out to simplified the equation. So the equation will become Gravity x height = 0. 5 x velocity That means mass does not affect the velocity on the right side of the equ ation.Graph I have also plotted a graph of height against final speed, and after that, I have drawn a line of beaver fit. The graph shows a straight line of best fit. The graph shows a straight line of best fit and this shows height and final speed are in direct proportion. This proves when the height of the ramp is increased, the final speed is increased and this means the object accelerates faster. Evaluations My results are quite accurate because on the graph, all of the results go very near the best-fit line.My results are quite reliable, as I do every height for three times and take the average of it. I can make the results more accurate by using a light sensor with the computer. This will be more accurate then using a stop watch because human need a time to react before their brain do what it is told to do which is the reaction time. I think my method of doing the experiment is quite good because I can get accurate results from it. I can improve it by putting the ramp more st able and firmer because the ramp keeps on sliding down the slide.I think the method of doing the experiment is quite good because it gives me a quite accurate result and it takes less than half an hour to finish the experiment. At first, I did an experiment on mass of the object that takes about 45 minutes but I got results that are not appropriate for my experiment. So I cursorily change the investigation on another topic. Although it wastes lots of time, I learn that mass of an object will not affect the final speed of a falling object.

Banana Peeiling as Shoe Polish Rrl Essay

Banana Peeling as Shoe PolishA banana is an victual fruit produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants of the genus Musa. The fruit is variable in size, color and firmness, but is usually elongated and curved, with soft variant rich in starch covered with a rind which may be yellow, purple or red when ripe. When the peeling of this edible fruit is combined with lignite and oil, can this act as a tog polish?A strong water-soluble antioxidant was identified in the popular commercial banana Musacavendishii. It is dopamine, unity of the catecholamines. (Kanazawa, 2000) For suppressing the oxygen uptake of linoleic acid in an emulsion and scavenging a diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical, dopamine had greater antioxidative potency than glutathione, food additives such as butylated hydroxyanisole and hydroxytoluene, flavone luteolin, flavonol quercetin, and catechin, and similar potency to the strongest antioxidants gallocatechin gallate and ascorbic acid. Bananacontained dopamine at high levels in both the peel and pulp. Dopamine is leveled from 80560 mg per 100 g in peel and 2.510 mg in pulp, even in ripened bananas that is ready to eat. Banana is one of the antioxidative foods. (Kanazawa, 2000)As for the charcoal, the charcoal particle is considered as a solid microsponge, and its made of albumin, other protein, carbohydrate, or other large molecule as a molecular sieve surrounding the sponge. The whole constitutes a system of instant dialysis, with a wide plod of applications in the separation of large from small molecules. (Gottlieb, M.D, 1965) Charcoal is a light black residue consisting of carbon, and any remaining ash, gained by removing water and other inconstant constituents from animal and vegetable substances. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis, the burning of wood or other substances in the absence of oxygen. It is usually an unclean make up of carbon as it contains ash however, sugar charcoal is among the purest forms of carbon readily available, particularly if it is not made by heating but by a dehydration reaction with sulfuric acid to minimize introducing new impurities, as impurities can be removed from the sugar in advance. The resulting soft, brittle, lightweight, black, porous material resembles coal.Since chivalrous times, dubbin, a waxy product, was used to soften and waterproof leather however, it did not impart shine. It was made from natural wax, oil, soda ash and tallow. As leather with a high natural veneer became popular in the eighteenth century, a high glossy finish became important, particularly on shoes and boots. In some cases, a variety of homemade polishes were used to provide this finish, often with lanolin or beeswax as a base.In the nineteenth century, many forms of shoe polish became available, yet were rarely referred to as shoe polish or boot polish. Instead, they were often called blacking (especially when mixed with lampblack), or simply continued to be referred to a s dubbin. Tallow, an animal by-product, was used to manufacture a simple form of shoe polish at this time. Chicago, Illinois, where 82% of the meat consumed in the United States was neat in the stock yards,became a major shoe polish producing area for this reason. (Sajulan, Guzman Nagac, 2008)

Smooth Talk

Smooth Talk is a film adapted from the short bilgewater Where are you going? Where have you been? by the author Joyce sing Oates. The short story was first published on 1966 while the film was released on 1985. The booster rocket Connie in the short story was a fifteen year old new-fashioned lady who has two sides of herself one side if for her home and the otherwise is for extraneous her home or anywhere else aside from home. Connies sister named June is the opposite of her. While June is being praised by her mother which is also different from Connie, Connie on the other hand was a young girl who enjoys the company of her girl friends. Together with her girl friends, they enjoy watching movie or have a qualifying to shopping plaza.In the short story written by Joyce Carol Oates, Connies graphic symbol was described as a young girl who is fearfulness with the way she looks. Her character was centered in her physical appearances and gestures and not so much of her attitude a nd feelings. It was evident in the short story when Joyce Oates describes Connies quick, sickish giggling habit of craning her neck to glance into mirrors or checking other peoples faces to make sure her own was all right (Joyce Carol Oates. 1966).The vulnerability of Connies character was very present in the story when Arnold acquaintances enters the picture and forces her to do with her. Arnold Friend is described as a suspicious odd whom she saw once and suddenly knows almost everything about her and her family. Connie at a very young age was susceptible to Arnold Friend who wanted her to simply go out and have a ride with him. Her character in the short story define a weak young girl who faces a gentlemans gentleman she doesnt even know and mocks her up until she get big of everything on her mind. Joyce Oates was precise about Connies vulnerability when she describes howConnie helplessly tries to let go of Arnold Friend but vulnerably ends up with his arms. Indeed, the sho rt story was in fact a manifestation of how powerless Connie was in terms of her handling Arnold Friends attitude towards her. Connie could have had done something but with her vulnerability as a young girl she gives up something of herself.On the other hand, Smooth Talk visually presented the short story to film. Connies character was evidently showed in the film as a young fifteen year old girl who flirts virtually with boys and loves to cruise the shopping malls with her friends. Connies character was expanded in the film, adding up some new things that were not mentioned in the short story. Nonetheless, Connies being inconstant and flirt was still evidently in the film. Her suspicious stranger was more powerful in the film seducing her with his smooth-talking way.In the film, Arnold Friends character involves informal desire for Connie and his character was full of aggressiveness to seduce Connie. Connie on the other hand, is a young girl who is silly and flirtatious with oth er guys but come one Sunday morning when she was left alone at home and was confronted with the suspicious stranger, Connies vulnerability was evidently showed. Her character as a young girl who has two sides of herself was helplessly alone and afraid, trying to overcome Arnold Friends seduces. While she was trying to figure out what to do and how to let loose of the stranger, the smooth-talking man tries to seduce her and consistently tries to win her.Part of the film was entirely focused on the situation on which Connie was confronted by the stranger just worry in the short story. Though thither were some minimalchanges in the film that wasnt mentioned in the short story, Smooth Talk by tom turkey Cole gave justice to Joyce Oatess Where are you? Where have you been?. Connies character in the short story was more innocent than her character in the film. Although it was the same, her character in the film portrayed by Laura Dern was lavishly and lovingly textured. (Joyce Carol Oate s. 2007)Basically, the mere fact that a short story is being testify while the film was being watched evidently showed that Connies character of vulnerability was formulated both in the short story and in the film. It was clearly delimitate and translated in the sort story how Connies weak character gave her the risk of giving herself up for Arnold Friend. While in the film, both Connie and Arnolds characters were emerged consistently as described in the short story. The vulnerability of Connie in the film is just somewhat the same in the short story. But Connies being nave of the things that happens around her was clearly specified in the short story.Nevertheless, Smooth Talk and Where are you? Where are you going? is both a masterpiece in there own rights and abilities. The two is not only about the reality of a teenager growing up in a harsh world immaterial her home but also it imparted to us the idea of some issues that runs inside a family or inside home that most of us tak e for granted.The version was visually presented well from the short story and just the same, both gave the justice on its own. Connies character provides us the imagination of how innocent and free pungent she was as a young girl that in the end lose herself to a man she doesnt even know but who knows her very well. on that point lies the mystery or the story by Joyce Carol Oates.Works CitedOates, Joyce Carol. Where are you going? Where have you been?. Celestial Timepiece A Joyce Carol Oates Home Page. Joyce Carol Oates. 12 July 2007. University of san Francisco. 24 July 2007. http//jco.usfca.edu/works/wgoing/text.html.Brussat, Frederic and Mary Ann. Film Review. Spirituality and Practices Resource for Spiritual Journals. Frederic and Mary Ann Brussat. 2007. 24 July 2007. www.spiritualityandpractice.com.

Dysfunctional Families

Dysfunctional families are common to both the introduction of cracking Expectations, by Charles Dickens and The sugarcoat Menagerie, by Tennes beguile Williams. A family is a basic social unit consisting of more than one human being. Functional families co-operate with one another to sustain a glad and nurturing home life that is comforting and a pleasure to be in. Members of a functional family genuinely care for one anothers safety and wellbeing. A dysfunctional family is the opposite of a functional family.In Great Expectations there are dickens dysfunctional families, Joe Gardgerys family including Miss Joe, touch and Joe himself and Miss Havershams family, which consists of her and her choose daughter, Estella. Technically, the escaped convict, greetn as Magwitch, his wife and daughter could be considered as dysfunctional too. Their family is not as predominant as the other two families. In The glass in Menagerie, Tom, Laura, Amanda and Amandas absent husband are with al a dysfunctional family. Family is important to the main(prenominal) characters in each of these texts, as it is the source of their values, ethics and beliefs.Tom Wingfield, from The Glass Menagerie, is a young man who wants to explore the human race and go on breathtaking adventures. His father left field his fuss, Amanda, for this reason when Tom was a young boy. Tom has been the man of the house ever since. The Glass Menagerie is set in St Louis, USA, in a time where women did not have frequently power in mens business. Amanda has a capriole selling magazines over the phone, which does not earn her enough money for the family to live off. Tom, therefore, works in a shoe factory, which is not the most exciting job in the world, and this is the main source of income for the family.Laura Wingfield is Toms older sister she is 26, crippled and lives in her own world full of tiny fragile drinking glass animals, along with an old victrola. Laura is the main source of conflict for the family because she aimlessly wanders through life with no purpose. During Toms time at home, there are some(prenominal) conflicts between him and his mother. This affects Tom, as he works long hours in the warehouse doing the akin thing bothday. He then comes home to a mother who is constantly telling him what to and what no to do, as well as a sister who isnt pulling her own weight.Amanda often criticises Toms behaviour. In the first scene nearly e reallything Amanda says to Tom is a command for example, such as wear outt push with your fingers, chew chew Human beings are supposed to chew, Youre not excused from the table and You smoke too more than(prenominal). These constant commands from Amandas point of view are caring, however, Tom that specifys of them as her trying to control his every move he is at the destroy of his wick. In Scene Three, Tom lets Amanda know once and for all what he thinks of the situation. Amanda What right do you have to jeopardize y our job?Jeopardize the security of us all? How do you think wed manage if you were. Tom interrupts Id rather somebody battered my brains out than go back (the warehouse) every morning and you say self is all I think of. Why, listen, if self is what I thought of, Mother, Id be where he is (points to fathers portrait) GONE In the end it is all too much for Tom and he leaves his helpless sister and commanding mother. He ventures off into the world homogeneous father like son Belonging to a dysfunctional family has deeply affected Tom and has eventually made him leave.Laura Wingfield, from The Glass Menagerie, is shy, unconfident, crippled and she often withdraws from reality. This is because she belongs to a dysfunctional family. Her mother has tried to help her by sending her to business school and finding her a gentlemen caller. Unfortunately, these are not Lauras visions for herself, theyre Amandas. Although Amanda genuinely loves Laura, she undersidenot see that her bossy and overpowering personality is making Laura withdraw herself from reality even further. Laura hold inped going to business school because it made her sick and she didnt tell her mother, as she knew it would upset her.A mature young adult, firstly, would not become unwell because they attended a business school secondly, they would tell their mother they didnt want to attend the school anymore, and quit. Laura, on the other hand, pretends for weeks that she still attends the school leaving and arriving home when appropriate, to make her mother believe she is still care the school. When Amanda finally finds out Laura stopped going because it made her a little unwell, it broke her heart. Amanda So what are we going to do the rest of our lives? Amuse ourselves with the glass menagerie, darling?Eternally play those worn-out phonograph records your father left as a painful reminder of him? Lauras response to this painful trueness is silence and the twisting of her hands try forless Wit h her mother and brother constantly bickering, she doesnt seem to get the chance to speak her thoughts and feelings. Her mother tells her what she is going to do with her life, and because she loves her mother, she just does as she is told. Over time this has affected Laura it is the reason she lost her personality and become a ghost-like figure living in a world of glass animalsMost of the time Laura doesnt have her own thoughts, this is another side effect of having a dysfunctional family. One night her mother asks her to stop washing the dishes and to come outside and adore the moon Amanda Laura, come here and make a deal on the moon Look over your left shoulder, Laura, and make a wish (Laura looks faintly puzzled as if called out of sleep. Amanda seizes her shoulders and turns her at an angle by the door) Now, now, darling, wish Laura What should I wish for, Mother? here(predicate) the moon is a symbol of hope.Amanda has found the moon because she has found hope hope that h er children will be okay in this cruel world. Laura cant find the moon her mother has to point it out to her and physically move her so she can see it. This is symbolic of the fact that there is no hope for Laura as she cant and wont help herself in this life. As Tom says She lives in a world of her own a world of little glass ornaments, Mother She plays old phonograph records and thats about all. Amanda has to tell Laura what to wish for a grown woman being told what to wish forThis shows us how feeble and unsure Laura is of her actions. It is yet another problem Laura has developed because she is a part of a dysfunctional family. bit, Joe Gargery and Mrs Joe Gargery are a dysfunctional family from the novel, Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens. The first half of the novel is set in England, in the acres, a place of innocence. The second half is set in the sinful and backstabbing streets of grotty old London. Pip is an orphan his parents and five of his other siblings die d when he was very little.His older sister and her husband (Mr and Mrs Joe Gargery) adopted Pip (who says) My Sister had established a great reputation with herself and the neighbourhood because she had brought me up by hand. Knowing her to have a hard and heavy hand, and to be much in the habit of pose it upon her husband as well as upon me. I supposed that Joe Gargery and I were both brought up by hand. Pip tells the reader that his older sister often hit him and Joe. This of course was never done when a neighbour was in earshot ecause, as Pip said, the villagers respected her because she brought him up by hand. She also never did or said anything nice to him he can remember this from a young age. My sisters bringing up had made me sensitive. I had known, from the time when I could speak, that my sister, in her capricious and violent coercion, was unjust to me. She spoke harshly to him, hit him with the tickler (which was a stick used only for defeat up Pip and Joe) and fo rce-fed him tar water (a very nasty medicine) to serve as punishments, for acts that did not deserve punishment.Because of this, he is often unsure of his actions and easily persuaded to think and do things that, deep down, he may not feel are right. This is similar to Laura, from The Glass Menagerie. Unfortunately Laura didnt have a caring, patient and super loving blacksmith in her life, unlike Pip, who has Joe. If Joe was not in Pips life, I am sure he would have turned out much like Laura. Joe loves Pip and genuinely cares for him, he is pure and shows many acts of kindness towards Pip, most of which Pip doesnt acknowledge or notice.Towards the end of the novel Pip becomes extremely sick whilst in London. Joe finds out that Pip is sick, leaves his belove town in the country and heads into London. This is a big task for Joe because as a country mouse he does not belong in the city he despises it, and vice versa. Joe then stays by Pips side for the many months it takes for Pip t o recover. After Pip finally acknowldges Joes true love for him, Pip says O Joe, you break of serve my heart Look angry at me, Joe. adopt me, Joe. Tell me of my ingratitude. Dont be so good to me Joe just hugs Pip because he is relieved that Pip has recovered. Joe is the most important character for Pips health, safety and wellbeing. Without Joe, Pip would be in prison with a sickness that only love could cure and a debt to his name that he would never be able to repay. Joe is his guardian angel. Estella and Miss Haversham, from the novel Great Expectations, are yet another dysfunctional family. The cause of this dysfunctional family is Miss Havershams want revenge on the world because her husband-to-be left her at their wedding, breaking her heart.Miss Haversham adopted Estella as a young girl, not out of love, rather so she can could mould her into a cold-hearted witch like herself. Miss Haversham is rich and belongs to the upper middle class. Her house is a manor, and she is a well respected house physician in Pips village. Miss Haversham invites Pip to her house a few times. Pip thinks she is his benefactor, the cause of his great expectations and the reason she asks him to go over. She really only invites him over to let Estella practice her cruel, cold-blooded personality on him.The first time Pip goes over to Miss Havershams, on her command, she gets him to play cards with Estella. Estalla doesnt want to play with a common labouring-boy , so Miss Haversham tempts her to play with him by saying Well? You can break his heart. Here we can see the effects of Miss Havershams cold, broken heart on Estella. Instead of wanting to make friends with Pip like a normal young girl, she wants to break his heart. This child would not have thought of this naturally, her mind has been trained to believe that in making peoples lives a living hell, you arouse a sense of satisfaction.Estellas family has had a big impression on her values, morals and beliefs. You are t o wait here, you boy the tears started to my eyes. the girl looked at me with a quick delight in having been the cause of them. Estella makes Pip believe his clothes, hands and the way he speaks is peculiar and shameful. The family life Miss Haversham has made for Estella is not physically or mentally levelheaded for her. To add to this, Miss Haversham wears a mouldy bride dress, her house stinks of gone-off food and human body odour and it is dark and depressing.She doesnt shower because she wears her wedding clothes family after year. This gives Estella a bad impression as her home life is not normal, her mother is deranged and loosing her mind. Miss Haversham does such a great job of teaching Estella to become a witch that Estella leaves her for good. This breaks Miss Havershams already broken heart and she kills herself. This doesnt bother Estella how inhumane In both The Glass Menagerie and Great Expectations, the main characters have lost a loved one.Pip and Estella neve r knew their biological parents, Miss Havershams husband-to-be never showed up at their wedding, Joe loses Mrs Joe Gargery, Laura and Toms dad leaves them and Amandas husband leaves her with a crippled daughter and a son. Losing a loved one or someone who is a close relative adversely affects you. All of these characters are can be compared to one another because they all know what it feels like to lose a loved one and belong to a dysfunctional family. In each case, dysfunctional families affect the main characters.Tom leaves his family, Laura makes herself belong to a world of her own, Pip yearns for a justice that was always present and Estella follows the footsteps of a heartless witch. It is apparent that dysfunctional families can be the cause of losing a family member or one leaving. To me family is very important. Fortunately I have a functional family. We sometimes fight and argue, however it is always over issues that are forgotten and easily forgiven. I know that if a memb er of my family was to leave us it would definetly affect me. I am glad that every family member in my family is happy and healthy.In both of the texts, the main cause of a dysfunctional family is having lost a family member. This is true for some families I know. Lots of parents divorce and their kids are forever living in two houses. Sometimes it is for the better, as the kids dont have to listen to the parents fighting. Sometimes it tears the kids hearts and they are too young to understand that their parents simply cant be together anymore. The kids find a way into their own world, like Laura, or they take it out on others, like Estella, or they are blessed and in their reality is a Joe, who loves them and sees a way out for them to escape.

“A Modest Proposal” by Jonathan Swift Essay

The essay, A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift is a satirical piece that discussed, in great detail, the issues surrounding 18th degree centigrade society as it pushed send development as society progressed, both technologically and socially. The essay contained a modest, albeit radical, proposal from Swift, wherein he tried to provide a rational solution to the problem of increasing population, scarcity, and pauperisation in his society under the British rule.Among Swifts modest proposals were the imposition of polygamy among humans, wherein one(a) anthropoid sic will be sufficient to serve four Females, and the practice of bearing children as Food, which he identified to be very proper for Landlords. These propositions provided a glance into the social problems Swifts society experienced during his time, wherein poor governance, in order to be alleviated, was resolved through what Swift considered to be deviant and cruel practices. Proposing these deviant and inhumane practi ces was a demonstration of the increased demoralization among the citizens of Swifts society, a state which the author deemed to be similarly offensive to be true but is actually occurring.Hence, in order to address these outrageous yet unconfronted social problems and issues, Swifts essay generated the attention it deserved and warranted, and then making the subscribers and the essays target audience aware of the social state at which their country found itself in. Swifts essay, in effect, herd home the fact that in the midst of social progress and development, moral demoralization occurred as a consequence, defeating the purpose of development and progress in the society.A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift EssayHow does Swift attempt to make his readers aware of the problems in Ireland with his pamphlet? To what extent do you think he succeeds? Satire a mode of writing that exposes the failings of individuals, institutions, or societies to ridicule and scorn. The modest propo sal was considered one of the finest pieces of caustic remark in world literature and was published as a pamphlet in 1729 in Ireland aimed at mainly the middle/ upper class of Ireland. The moderatenesss for Swifts outlandish and shocking pamphlet were to suggest that the problem of poverty in Ireland can be best remedied by selling the babies of the little fortunate as food for the wealthy.He put forward his ideas in a pamphlet as this was a common method to publish an argument or in the public treatise arena. There was an issue of too many Protestants becoming quarrelsome over the Irish religious issues and something had to be done to resolve the complaints. This is where Swifts proposal came into action as it communicate the issue and played on peoples prejudices and stereotypes of the Catholics and the Irish be inhumane savages. The proposal can be perceived as barbaric, cannibalistic and outrageous whereas some will see the logic behind it and how it will actually work.In the whole pamphlet he hires irony constantly to show satire and to horrify the public but sometimes you cannot always see the serious behind the writing. Swift sets up the proposal by giving the reader an acumen into what someone might see as they walk through a town in Ireland in 1729. He describes the town (Dublin) as great in the first paragraph but then carries on by saying that the streets are crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four or six children. He is putting the country down by writing about the streets swarmed with beggars.This tells the reader that he doesnt like where the country is dismission as in poverty and homeless people. He is very blasi when mentioning the beggars children as if they dont care about them and cant even keep hatch of their offspring. He is describing a place where there is a problem and it needs to be fixed. When mentioning the women with several hungry and poor children, he wants the reader to feel lament adequate to( p) for them. If he can engage the reader with poignant images then they will be keen to agree with the proposal.When talk of the town about the amount of children the women are having he doesnt want to make people feel sympathetic or even think that they are stupid for having so many children and not being able to raise them. He is playing on stereotypes of anti-catholic Protestants because Catholics do not believe in contraception so they will conceive more children than Protestants heedless if they can or cannot support them. Swift is highlighting a problem which he thinks can be resolved.He starts to build up to the proposal by giving hints along the way like in paragraph 3 when he says and shall take in the whole number at a accredited age, who are born of parents in effect as little able to support them. This sentence must make the reader puzzled as to what is going to follow about poor and helpless children who cannot be raised by their parents. Paragraph 4 is where Swift reveals the basic idea of the proposal by talking about how much it is to raise a baby until the age of one year for a poor begging family.He says that it would cost no less than 2 shillings as the baby would feed on its mothers breast milk. When it does reach that age then the baby can be change to feed and clothe the many thousand Irish rather than the child becoming a burden to its parents as they will not be able to feed them much longer. I think that Swift writes this with a dispassionate tone even though the topic he is proposing is a sensitive scene of action to the people who are reading it. He could have used some emotion rather than becoming so reserved.In paragraph 5 he starts stating the advantages of the scheme like preventing voluntary abortions and that horrid practice of women murdering their bastard children. For some, this will emphasise the savage animalistic nature of the Irish. This is where Swift becomes aggressive and tries to persuade the reader that his pr oposal can solve these unfortunate mishaps just because the families these children are born into cannot support them. In paragraph 6, Swift uses statistics to rationalise his argument. In this section he writes very bluntly without any emotion at all.He starts calculating the amount of women who will be used as breeders and those who will be able to support their children. He then calculates the amount of breeders in Ireland and minuses the amount of miscarriages. Its good that he does use statistics because otherwise the reader will not be able to imagine how you can put this plan into action to solve the problem of too many poor Catholics in Ireland. By using statistics he could win the readers over because they are very logical and straightforward ways of thinking. He weighs out the factors that could affect the breeders.He uses the term breeders as substitute names for the wives who will be producing the children. This is harsh and inhumane as you would normally associate bree ders as animals or cattle. If Swift didnt use statistics then the readers would not be convinced as to how such a plan would work. In A modest proposal Swift uses a lot of irony in his writing. Some examples of this is when Swift says that 12 year old boys and girls could be sold as an alternative to deer however the reason he changed his mind was because they wouldnt be worth much money for their meat.This is because they will have to be fed alot more than a one year old baby as they are growing and need to have some fat and meat on them to be used as food. They would be expensive to breed, clothe and feed. He never gives the full proposal in the first paragraphs which builds suspense as you want to know more and ask questions about why he is doing what he is and when will this happen. Swift reveals his proposal in paragraph 9 and 10 by mentioning a very knowing American of my acquaintance in capital of the United Kingdom which implies that he is blaming the theory on someone befor e he even starts.He says that this man told him that a young healthy child well nursed, is, at a year old, a most delicious nourishing and wholesome food. This string would have most probably shocked all readers because they would never think of eating babies however Swift would see it as comical because it is a ridiculous idea in the first place. He then adds to the dire idea of eating children by listing some of the ways to cook them This is where Swift is being satirical and humorous because he would never cook a child in a fricasie, or a ragout. It was just to shock the audience.In paragraph 10 he tells you how he would go about reserving women for cause purposes only and how the males will be made to breed and not be allowed to create a bond with the women. It would be like a production line which would be similar to sheep, black cattle, or swine. He refers to them as savages which is very callous and unsympathetic. Swift then talks about how many people one baby will feed a nd how many it will entertain. He says that a child will make two dishes for friends and for a family meal they can use the fore hind quarter will make a reasonable dish.He talks about the baby as if it is any piece of meat. He wants the audience to feel that he is very blasi about the situation and that he doesnt care that he is dehumanising the Irish in such a offensive way. I think that the way he is so unloving about the women being used as baby machines is terrible but the only reason he is removing the love is to show the lack of humanity given to the Irish. The objective is to lessen the amounts of papists which is an abusive and racist term given which plays on peoples prejudices of the Irish. He takes anti-catholic/Irish sentiment to its logical conclusion.

Colonial System (Summary)

The Philippine condition was a reflection of the political, economic and socio- spectral developments of Spain. During the 16th and the 17th century nearly all European monarchs adopted the political idea of absolutism as well as the economic system of mercantilism. Under the system of mercantilism, the king was conglomerate in extensive intervention of any(prenominal) economic life to foster national growth. The Spanish government was highly centralized in form.All the Spanish political powers were all undertaken by this council executive, legislative and judicial, and were transmitted to all governor-generals in each respective colony. The royal orders and edicts became the guides of any governor-general in administering the Philippines. He was at first ordained by the Viceroy of Mexico and later by the monarch of Spain. His vast powers and the distance of the Philippines from either Spain or Mexico shaped natural tendencies of a governor-general to be abusive. The Philippines was divided into provinces and circumscribed districts.They were known as alcaldias and each under the charge of an alcalde mayor. The special districts were the unconquered regions or corregimientos, where Filipino resistance still went on. Unlike the governor-general, the alcalde mayor never had any legislative power. Only judicial cases over his towns were under his jurisdiction cases involving the amount of non more than Php200. The church prevailing principle of adaptation greatly influenced the Spanish government to relatively retain the prehispanic political structure of the Filipinos.In the beginning of Legaspis conquest, the office of gobernadorcillo, which is equivalent to the present town mayor, was heredity opened to descendants of the datu or chieftains. The mayor political change in the choice of a gobernadorcillo came in 1847, when the Spanish Crown directed and sent the first Spanish Code of Laws for the native Australian Filipinos. The election laws of 1847, ac cording to Arcilla, required the following qualifications a) he must be a native born b) he must be 25 age old c) able to read and write in Spanish and d) never been guilty of any crime.The election was set in November, for a term of 2 years. The cabeza de barangay remained appointive all were under the supervisory of the local priest and the alcalde mayor. The governadorcillo was tasked to supervise the collection of taxes in his town and pay the difference from his pocket if the collection of the taxes would not tally to the defective inadequate census prepared and estimated by the Spanish friars. What made the Philippines government form unique was the union of church and state.By virtue of the Patronato Real, the Spanish king had the right to rule lands discovered, with a duty of supporting the material needs of the church in those lands. In other words, the king had the right to neglect and demand what was necessary to carry out the task he accepted from Rome, in order to hel p spread the Christian religion. The mighty Philip II, who had assumed these religious rights, seemed that his interest was in his mind, so, when we speak of the church in the Philippines during the Spanish regime, we mean particularly the Spanish church serving the ends of Spanish empire.The marriage between the church and state enabled the religious to occupy and dominate significant governmental positions. Historians acknowledge the fact that the real representative of the Spanish Crown was the church not the state. The Spanish Church was too conservative while they were responsible for the Christianization of the Filipinos they were also deterrents to nations progress thus, in the 19th century the Filipino propagandists, reformists and revolutionists demanded their expulsion from the Philippines.

Product Lines of Metlife Alico

Abstract Products corporation be real(a) or non material, corporal or logical. indemnification operate atomic takings 18 logical and considered as intangible fruit in marketing. Presently it is a familiar confines in our daylight to day heart. Many contrastive am terminals companies provide different types of policy inspection and repairs. In western countries adopting insurance function are mandatory. In Bangladesh Insurance services are also getting popular day by day. MetLife Alico is one of the leading insurance companies in Bangladesh. It is well organized and has a wide range of mountains of product line.Here the details of the product lines of MetLife Alico will be presented in brief. Firstly, the product concept of marketing will be described. Secondly, insurance services will be introduced as a product. Thirdly, MetLife Alico and its history in Bangladesh will be discussed in brief. Fourthly, the product lines of MetLife Alico will be presented and their f eatures will be discussed. Next, different value added service of the organization towards its nodes will be described. Fin each(prenominal)(prenominal)y, the report will be critically analyzed and almost recommendations to increase acceptability of the report will be proposed.At cash in ones chips a, brief discussion on the product lines of MetLife Alico will be presented. Introduction Product is a good, service, or idea consisting of a bundle of tangible and intangible attributes that satisfies consumers and is received in exchange of money or some other unit of value. The organizations that are production-oriented look at a product basically as a manifestation of resources used to produce it and the organizations that are marketing oriented view a product from the target consumers perspective as a bundle of benefits by benefits i. e. functional as well asemotional benefits.Accordingly they will have to see how their consumers view their products. There is no need to fasten a marketing mix for a product that offers few consumers benefits, because that product will not sell. If we consider the product from the target customers perspective, want the cosmetic companies are combining chemicals to make outlines, vitamin manufacturers produce little pills watch makers produce mechanical devices that keep period. -What marketers are doing is they are basically enhancing their products for their target markets-as lipstick has becomes beauty and hope, vitamins become hope or a healthier spirit and watches become status symbols. So we can say that, a product because is a bundle of physical or logical, tangible or intangible attributes that have the potential to satisfy present and potential customer wants. In plus to the physical goods themselves, other elements include the warranty, installation, after sales service accessories and package. For example a product with warranty and the same product without warranty are not same. Products that are intangible are exchanged out full from producer to user, they cannot be transported or stored, and are almost instantly perish suitable.These products are called services. Service products are often times difficult to identify, because they come into existence at the same time they are bought and consumed. The American Marketing Association defines services as Activities, benefits and satisfactions which are offered for sale or are provided in connection with the sale of goods. Some common examples of service that are considered as product are services of a lawyer, Service of a beautician, banking services etc. Insurance services can also be considered as an intangible product.Insurance service as a product Insurance is the upright transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another in exchange of earnings. It is a cast of risk-management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, indeterminate loss. An insurer, or insurance carrier, is a company selling the insu rance the ensure, or constitutionholder, is the person or entity buying the insurance policy. The amount of money to be charged for a certain amount of insurance c all overage is called the premium.The transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small loss in the salmagundi of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurers promise to compensate (indemnify) the insured in the case of a financial loss. The insured receives a contract, called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstances under which the insured will be financially compensated. An Insurance service is also an intangible product because nothing is actually produced and there is no tangible item being exchanged.The policy, policy booklet, etc. is a contract and terms of the contract, however that is not bought. However with an insurance contract no tangible good is exchanged for the consideration (i. e. premium). What is being exchanged for the consideration is an agreement that the insurance company will indemnify you in accordance with the terms of the contract. barely insurance services are demandable and have market values. So, it is a product. There are wide ranges of insurance services, they are offered at different conditions and in different packages.A single insurance provider often offers different types packages and also different types of services. For example, MetLife Alico offers tot four types of packages in insurance schemes with different types of products in each scheme. damage and conditions vary from packages to packages and products to products. These services are designed targeting different types of customers. Overview of MetLife Alico MetLife Alico is an affiliate of MetLife, Inc. , a leading global provider of insurance and employee benefit programs. Through its subsidiaries and affiliates, MetLife serves more than 90 million customers around the world.It provides a full range of Life, separatrix and wellness insurance products for customers ranging from individuals to large local and multinational corporations. one-on-one, group, and credit harborion products admirer its customers obtain from financial loss due to oddment, deterrent, accident, sickness, and loss of employment. Also, individual savings and group pension products help its customers save for knowledge, retirement, or other financial goals. Its products are operational through agents, brokers, financial institutions and direct to customer. In addition to, being the largest look insurer in the U.S. and Mexico, MetLife is now a leading competitor in japan holding advantageous positions in Europe, and is in top-five position in many high-growth markets of Central and Eastern Europe, the Middle East and Latin America. MetLife Alico has been helping people and businesses in Bangladesh with their insurance needs since 1952. It have tailored extensive product offering to the unique needs of individuals, families and busi nesses of all sizes. Presently, it is one of the leading insurance companies in the country, with closing to 1,000,000 insured members and over 12,000 agents.The main products of MetLife Alico in Bangladesh are life insurance, saving and retirement intents and accidents and health insurance for individuals and employee benefits, credit life insurance and insurance for non-employees for corporations. In these six categories MetLife supports many services of different terms and durations. Product lines of MetLife Alico Figure 1 Different services of MetLife Alico. From the figure it is clear that MetLife Alico supports total six types of Insurance services in Bangladesh. It supports three types of solution in each of the individual and corporate solution category.The services offered by the company are Life insurance, savings Retirement insurance plan, cerebrovascular accident health Insurance, Employee values, Credit Life Insurance, and Insurance for Non-Employees. For conven ience only individual solutions will be discussed. A brief overview of the Individual services is provided in the next topic. Different schemes and their features The services of MetLife Alico will be discussed in two major categories, Individual solutions and corporate solutions. Individual solutions are services that are designed to meet individual needs.The individual services are designed to meet different types of insurance needs of individuals. Individual plans consists life insurance plan, savings retirement plans popularly known as DPS schemes and accident health insurance plans. Life insurance Life insurance can take burster of family and help them maintain their standard of living if something odd happen to the insured. Apart from taking care of outstanding loans or mortgages, it can also protect childrens education or provide monetary benefits to family members. There are two types of life insurance Education Protection invention (EPP) Plus and Three Payment send off (3PP) Plus.Education Protection Plan (EPP) Plus The cost of a good education is rising high, and has risen at an alarming rate in recent years. To dependable the best possible education for childrens, individuals need to plan ahead. Education Protection Plan is specifically designed to help and can give the reassurance right preparations for childrens future. If some awkward situations occur, insured family members suffers from financial crisis, this plan protects them from financial problems also. The main features of Education Protection Plan (EPP) Plus are * A flexible plan with terms ranging from 10 to 25 years On maturity, insured persons child will receive the full await amount along with the bonus * In case of insureds sudden death, the plan protects his childs financial future by paying out a monthly sum of 1% of the example amount e genuinely month for childs education till the maturity of the policy. The policy also provides for a waiver of all future premiums in order to keep the policy active and in-force. * Insured can choose to add a disability breastplate rider to this plan which will protect in the event of a disability due to sickness or accident. Like in all other life policies, the paid premiums are income levy deductible (subject to prevailing revenue enhancement laws rules). * This EPP Plus plan also provides a own(prenominal) accident coverage that ensures the financial future of insured loved ones in case of his death, disability or injury due to an accident. Three Payment Plan (3PP) Plus The Three Payment Plan is an innovative policy that provides the last solution in financial planning giving both the protection insured need and the regular payouts he want to meet his financial needs. It has all the security of a life insurance plan and the flexibility of a savings policy.The main features of Three Payment Plan (3PP) Plus are * This Plan is on hand(predicate) for varying terms. * 25% of the face amount is paid at the end of 1/3rd of the term and another 25% at the end of 2/3rd of the term. * The remaining 50% of the face amount is paid along with a bonus at maturity. * In the unfortunate event of the death of the policy holder, at any time during the term of the policy, their loved ones will receive the entire face amount along with the bonuses NO DEDUCTION is do for the partial maturity amounts already paid. Loans up to a maximum of 85% of cash value are available, if required. * Like in all other life policies, the paid premiums are income tax deductible (subject to prevailing tax laws rules). * The 3PP Plus also provides Personal Accident reportage in case of insureds death, disability or injury due to accident. Savings Retirement Savings and retirement plans are for saving for future and creating a source of income to be available in future. There are three different plans in this category. Income growth Plan, DPS super and lifeline pension plan.The details of the plans are described below Inc ome result Plan The main features of Income Growth Plan are * A unique plan that combines protection and savings * Offers a maximum premium payment term of up to 30 years thereby giving the flexibility of choosing small payments to suit your budgetary needs * The plan is split into 2 manikins. The first phase is for a period of 7 years and so the second phase starts (from the 8th year) and includes the rest of the term. * During the first 7 years savings is accumulated and fully grown and at the end of the 7th year a dividend is declared.This dividend could be up to 40% of the cash value of the plan. * In the second phase, the cash value and dividend are transferred to the Investment Protection Account (IPA) * From the 8th year onwards, the policy offers a range of flexible options such as changes to the amount of premium, insurance coverage, etc, subject to the policy terms and conditions. * Maturity Benefits On maturity, the policy owner can either withdraw the account (IPA) value or convert it into a life time pension. Like in all other life policies, the paid premiums are income tax deductible (subject to prevailing tax laws rules) * Income Growth also provides Personal Accident Coverage in case of your death, disability or injury DPS tiptop As a sensible and responsible individual, one must be feel for the best possible avenues to grow his hard-earned money. An ideal financial plan for him may be the one that accumulates his money with reasonable returns as well as provides protection to him his family against uncertainties. One such a plan is MetLife Alicos DPS Super offer.MetLife Alicos DPS Super is a savings and protection plan that provides an attractive Maturity tax and a substantial Accidental Benefit. There are total three types of services in this category. They are Plan Features DPS Super princely Maturity pry + Life Coverage + Accident Coverage + Critical Illness Waiver of Premium Benefits DPS Super Silver Maturity Value + Life Co verage + Accident Coverage DPS Super Bronze Maturity Value + Accident Coverage Table 1 MetLife Alico DPS plans. The terms and conditions of the plans are given below DPS Super Gold Plan Attractive Maturity Value to meet financial planning needs. * Life Insurance coverage equivalent to policy slip metre. * look-alike Benefit due to Accidental remainder (AD) and Accidental Permanent Total Disability (PTD) consequently a total coverage of 3 times the human face measurement in case of AD. In case of Accidental Dismemberment the additional Accidental Benefit may reach up to 2 times the Face Amount depending on the type and extent of neediness * Lump Sum payment equal to ampere-second% or 50% of the Face Amount in case of diagnosis of 8 Critical Illnesses * Waiver of Premium in case of Permanent Total Disability due to Accident or Sickness.DPS Super Silver Plan * Attractive Maturity Value to meet ones financial planning needs. * Life Insurance coverage equivalent to policy Fac e Amount. * Double Benefit due to Accidental Death (AD) and Accidental Permanent Total Disability (PTD) consequently a total coverage of 3 times the Face Amount in case of AD. In case of Accidental Dismemberment the additional Accidental Benefit may reach up to 2 times the Face Amount depending on the type and extent of loss. DPS Super Bronze Plan * Attractive Maturity Value to meet ones financial planning needs. Death Benefit equal to account value or premiums paid for the basic policy whichever is higher. * Accidental benefit under which 2 times the Face Amount (Face Amount is defined as the DPS Super annual premium times the policy term) will be paid in the event of accidental death, or accidental permanent total disability (PTD). In case of accidental dismemberment the additional accidental benefits may reach up to 2 times the face amount depending on the type and extent of loss. Lifeline Pension PlanLifeline Pension Plan is an opportunity to earn in the post job life after retirement. In life line pension scheme one saves during employment and earns after retirements. The main features of the product are * It offers you a combination of savings and protection. * One can choose a plan that has a payment term ranging between 10 and 20 years. * It have the facility to withdraw the face amount along with any accumulated bonuses any time after the end of the premium payment period. * One can start receiving the pension payment, 1 year after the completion of the premium payment period. One can choose to postpone this pension payment and leave the annual income with MetLife Alico to accumulate further. * This annual pension payment will continue up to the age of 100. * It offer a minimum guaranteed return of 4% with the option to receive an excess form the year of investment performed. * In the unfortunate event of insureds death, his loved ones will receive the full face amount plus accrued bonuses. * Like in all other life policies, the paid premiums are income tax deductible (subject to prevailing tax laws rules). This plan also provides a personal accident coverage that ensures the financial future of loved ones in case of insureds death, disability or injury due to accident. Accident Health Insurance Solutions MetLifes accident and health insurance products secure its clients in case of unusual health hazards and accidental cases. There are total eightsome types of Accidental and Health Insurance solutions available in this category. The features and details of the services are given below. Critical attending No one likes to thinks about monstrous illness, but it is always a possibility.For example estimation shows that 1 in 8 people aged 30 today will contract crabmeat before age 65. The Critical Care is the convenient and affordable critical illness protection plan that is specially designed to protect insured and his family in the event of any health crisis that may strike any of us, any time, anywhere. Critical Care can make sure getting the medical help one need. Whats more, the policy can help replace insured income if he is unable to work, so the bills are still paid and insureds loved ones are looked after. The terms and conditions of the plan are given below Critical Care will provide insured with lump sum payment of up to BDT 500,000 which is payable upon diagnosis and receipt of proof for one critical illness only. * Critical Care supplements ones life insurance protection. * MetLife offer several plans and anyone can consume the plan of his choice for him. * The critical illness lump sum payment will be made only after diagnostics and proven with any of the 25 illnesses listed. * There is no deductible amount. Hospital Care Being admitted in a hospital is stressful enough without the added worry of the expenses.Traditional insurance products may not cover all the additional expenses that one will incur or the loss of income may be suffered if one is hospitalized. Hospital Care supplementa ry policy can give the added finances to cover whatever one feel is important so that he can concentrate on getting well. It pays the cash amount that insured have selected when he or his insured family members are hospitalized, even in a free hospital. The cash income starts from the very first day of hospitalization and continues for up to 52 weeks for each confinement. The product terms and conditions are given below The Hospital Care supplements insured life insurance protection * These benefits are payable in addition to any other insurance plan that one may have. * One can select the plan that best suits his needs and the needs of his family from the range offered. * The Daily Cash income continues for up to 52 weeks from the very first day of hospitalization. * The Cash Income is paid directly to insured, to use any way he wishes. * The Cash income is payable regardless of expenses, even if treatment is confined in a free hospital. * There is no deductible amount or waiting p eriod.Lifetime Income Policy If anybody wants absolute security in case he is no longer capable or able to handle the daily responsibilities of his family due to a sudden accident, Lifetime Income policy is for him. It is a protection plan that provides a cheque-a-month for lifetime of his spouse, his children or even himself, with a guaranteed minimum of 240 monthly benefit cheques. Lifetime Income Policy is a unique plan that provides cheques month after month, year after year to meet insured family expenses. With the same reliability one provide to his family.The details terms and conditions of the product are given below * This is a dedicated accident insurance product specially tailored for the Bangladesh market where the rate of road traffic accident is one of the highest in the world. * It offers coverage for accidental loss of life, permanent partial disability due to accident, and permanent total disability due to accident * Several units are available under this policy and one can pick the number of units that suits him the best. * No health questionnaire or medical examination required. * This plan provides you with 24 hour, 365 days a year worldwide coverage. The premiums that are paid are income tax deductible (subject to prevailing tax laws rules). * 20% of the Premium paid will be refunded as a No Claim Bonus after 3 years, provided that no claim has been made. Circles of Protection With Circles of Protection one can build the ideal protection for him from a range of options he just choose the ones that are appeared right to him.. The details of the terms and conditions are given below * Circle 1 offers protection against accidental death, permanent total and partial disability, Double indemnity-common carrier flight with guaranteed cash payments to himself or his loved ones. Circle 2 offers a weekly accident indemnity income for up to two years, replacing lost income due to disability as a result of an accident. This option is only available if you take out Circle 1. * Circle 3 offers accident medical expense reimbursement total protection for reasonable accident medical expenses in and out of hospital. Only available if one takes out Circle 1. * Circle 4 offers Hospital Health Care which provides income for insured and his family if he stay in hospital due to accident or sickness. Circle 5 offers a monthly income for Lifetime with a guaranteed minimum of 240 monthly benefits for covering expenses like food clothing, rent, school university fee, medical health, mortgage taxes etc. Minimum monthly income BDT 3,000 Maximum monthly income BDT 20,000 My Child Special, serious Health Special, Executive 5 Special and Medi-Guard these four services are still unavailable in Bangladesh and will be made available soon. separate features of MetLife Alico Apart from the above mentioned individual insurance offers MetLife Alico provides some value added services also.In this offers MetLife offers a free health card that offe rs 15% off on physical diagnostics of the insured and his family members at permitted hospitals and diagnostics centers. In addition to the health card the company provides a dedicated customer care officer for each client who deals will all insurance related problems and query of the clients. The monthly payment can be made by auto debit organization to reduce effort from clients end. Moreover the websites of the company provides a satisfactory description to its services and provides easier contact with its scustomer care officers.Limitations of the Report The report is prepared extensively base on information provided at the company websites and at other web resources. Customers opinions are not taken into account during preparation of the report. If customers opinions and their feedbacks are added to the report it will be more reliable and authentic. Some customer relation officers can also be interviewed to enhance the report. If some case study and more present statistics are added to the report it will be more accurate. ConclusionsInsurance services are getting popular all over the world day by day. It is a logical service related to risk-management. The main policy is saving users money for future to fade away accidental crisis. However people in our country are not aware about the policies of the available companies. Necessary campaigns are necessary to make the insurance services popular. Moreover most of the peoples in our country live below the poverty lines, so insurance companies should make easier terms and policies suitable to the poor peoples of the country.But it is ironically true that most of the insurance companies are targeting only the corporate peoples. The insurance companies should change their values to make their services more users friendly rather then treating it as a profitable product only. It is desired that MetLife will design their new services considering these facts. Appendix Appendix A Personal Accident Coverage If one i s qualified for accident coverage, this plan also provides the following additional benefits in case of his death, disability or injury due to accident within the premium paying period.The Personal Accident Coverage provides a maximum cover of Tk. 20,00,000 and the proportionate amounts are mentioned below A. ACCIDENTAL DEATH BENEFIT 100% of FA B. PERMANENT TOTAL DISABILITY BENEFIT 100% of FA C. PERMANENT PARTIAL DISABILITY for the following losses both Hands or Feet or Sights of eyeball 100% of FA One Hand and One Foot 100% of FA Either Hand / Foot and Sight of One Eye 100% of FA Hearing of Both Ears 100% of FA Speech 100% of FA Either Hand or Foot 50% of FA Sight of one Eye 50% of FA Thumb and Index fingers 25% of FA D. MEDICAL EXPENSES REIMBURSEMENT Max of 15% of FA Appendix B Critical Care Insurance packages and benefits Appendix C Diseases cover under critical care 1. scene 2. Cancer (Except Skin Cancer) 3. First Heart Attack 4. coronary thrombosis Arter y Surgery 5. Other Serious Coronary Artery Diseases 6. Heart Valve Replacement 7. major Burns 8. Blindness 9. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (Primary) 10.End-stage Lung Disease 11. Kidney Failure 12. Surgery To Aorta 13. Aplastic Anemia 14. Major Organ Transplant 15. Loss Of Hearing 16. Loss Of Speech 17. Muscular Dystrophy 18. Alzheimers Disease / Irreversible Organic Degenerative Brain Disorders 19. Motor Neuron Disease 20. Parkinsons Disease 21. swoon 22. Benign Brain Tumor 23. Major Head Trauma 24. Bacterial Meningitis 25. Paralysis Appendix D Hospital Care packages and benefits Appendix E Diseases covered under Hospital care packageThe 9 dreadful diseases covered under hospital care packages are * Heart Attack * Cancer (Except Skin Cancer) * Coronary Artery Disease * Stroke * Renal Failure * Blindness due to Sickness * Paralysis * Major Burns * Major Organ Transplantation References schooling and different data are collected from the following sources * http//www. metlife alico. com. bd/en/Individual/index. html * Principles of Marketing by Philip J. Kotler Gary Armstrong * http//www. adv-ins. com/ * http//www. marketing91. com/product-concept/

Comm essay

The council members consist of Mayor Adam Sanchez, Mayor Pro Tem Russell Beets and council members, Joe McKee, Jan Rye, and Scott Mats. Eric Johnson s a consultant with Revenue Cost Specialist he questiones his company and matches costs with revenue. Within 25 years hes worked in over two hundred agencies and five different states. It started with two city managers aft(prenominal) the passage of proposition 4 and 13, in which they saw the wishing for cities to be able to match up the cost with their revenues.Proposition 13 limits what can be done with imposees, comp atomic number 18d to Proposition 4, which allows fees. You are non exit to confront in vocation very long if you dont know what revenues you are bringing in verses what cost you are bringing said Johnson ruing his brief presentation. In his introduction, Eric mentioned questions such as What run are being provided to the earth? Whos providing those services? and What does that cost? With that being said he went through and made adjustments to public fees and some have bypast up as well as down.Although, I am not too advised of what merely was being discussed, these questions definitely made me think about how money is being spent. I may not be familiar with certain topics, however I do pay taxes and I should take a leak it a priority to be involved and know exactly where my money is being invested. Its up to the city council to ascertain how fees are paid, but it is our tax money that is being used so it is significant to be awake of these decisions. Another topic that was brought up was the mural the public does not agree that it takes eight hours to approve a mural.The city manager Martin States the benefits, salaries, and overhead cost are included, then a staff report along with an agenda that is published by the adman assistant is sent to the commission. The city council claims it is the true cost for the flow rate staffing that they have to process one application to go to the commission. Larry Ken has complained several times about the skirmish taking to long to process a mural, as he is talking he is cut finish and does not appreciate that he is being rushed as he states his concerns.The council uses the save a favorite mural to demonstrate the steps that take place, for example sometimes a meeting with the chair is indispensable and furthermore the artist themselves to discuss numbers etc. Another topic that was brought up was the cost of business license, so many people work out of their homes and many are complaining that they are not being paid receivable to high prices. Currently, if you do not have a business posture in the city and your business is in Palm Springs and your doing landscaping in Desert Hot Springs it is twin the business license fee.A city council member is concerned to whether this is probable and how it is being monitored. Some cities do not even require a business license, however DISH has a business license tax p er ordinance. In closing, it was brought up amongst the council that city matters are better off handling administratively to avoid public hearings. As council members or mayors they eve a tendency to loll around over involved in city business instead of referring to staff, which would make it much easier to conduct city business.Council member McKee feels it is necessary to be well-disposed to the people that live there as well as the businesses. There are several things that need to be reduced such as the event fee, mural fees, and possibly get rid of the store sales fee. However it is argued that if the garage sales fee is removed perhaps residents will try to make it and everyday event, then again it should not be a fee everyone has to pay. Business licenses need to be simplified and made a lot heaper so it will encourage people actually to get them rather than avoid them.As a city council, a policy should be made every tether years compared to seven years, this is for good management and to be aware Of where money is being spent due to current budget issues. Im glad we had this assignment it gave me a different perspective to how important I am as a resident. I pay taxes yet I am not even aware fatwa they are being used for, that alone is a main concern of mine. Ive become more concerned in what goes on in my own city, and plan to go to the next council meeting that is held.Some of the arguments that were brought up were reasonable but some also did not have enough evidence to back up their statement. It is important to do research before you speak because council members are not afraid to cut you off establish on how much information that must be covered in such a unmindful period of time. It is not in a sense to be rude, however with so much to discuss it is important to Stay on track and take more time on the bigger issues going on. As a city we should all be more involved and voice our opinions that is one of the reasons wherefore these meetings are held to begin with.

Martin Luther 95 Theses Essay

The Ninty-Five Theses was written by Martin Luther in 1517 and is broadly regarded as the major catalyst for the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther was an indeterminate German monk and radiant theologian. Martin Luther started a rebellion against the church services authority which caused the collapse of phantasmal unity of Christendom. The Roman Catholic Church, centered in Rome, extended its influence into every aspect of European society and culture. Due to the increasing power, wealth, and selfishness, a squall of criticism against the church broke out during the latish Middle Ages.Martin Luther and his Lutherans followers led a revolt against the Roman Catholic Church which helped with the creation of The xcv Theses. The beginning of the European religious problems came in the fourteenth century, when the King, Pope, and Clergy began to gain massive amounts of power and wealth. The root of gothic Christendom was a newer concept which is basically a Christian common wealth led by the papacy. As the church tried to create this Christendom, theorists argued that the church was only a spiritual body and therefore its power did non extend to the political realm.The theorists along with the people said that the state needed no guidance from the papacy and that the clergy was not above secular law. The church was becoming more than corrupt by the day, which included nepotism (appointing ones carnal knowledge to office), pursuit of personal wealth by the bishops, and sexual indulgence of the clergy. Theologians attacked the churches authority by arguing that the church did not control an individuals destiny, instead by accepting Gods contri bute of faith. I cogitate this is a very important move by the theologians, because they are sharing mistakable beliefs to me.I think my church and preacher are very important but not more important the God. With the advent of Lutheranism, personal faith, rather than adherence to the pr motionices of the chur ch, became rudimentary to the religious life of European Protestants. The Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century ushered in a spiritual revolution that had a great allude on the western world. The starting point for the reformation was Luthers attack in 1517 on the churchs practice of selling indulgences. The Roman Catholic Church taught hat some people go directly to heaven or hell, while others go to heaven only after spending term in purgatory (a period of expiation incumbent for those who have sinned excessively). Later in 1517, a Dominican mendicant named John Tetzel was selling indulgences in the area near Wittenberg. Luther launched his attack against Tetzel and the selling of indulgences by tacking his cardinal Theses to the door of the Wittenberg castle church. Luthers theses, or propositions, challenged the entire concept of selling indulgences not only as a fraudulent practice but also as a theologically unsafe postulation.At the heart of Martin Luthers arg ument in The Ninety-five Theses was the belief that the individual achieves salvation through central religious feeling, a sense of repentance for sins, and a faith in Gods mercy, and that the church attendance, fasting, pilgrimages, charity, and other works did not earn salvation. The church held that both faith and good works were necessary for salvation. Luther insisted that every individual could discover the meaning of the Bible unaided by the clergy. This again was a contradicting idea of that of the Roman Catholic Church, as they believed only the clergy could read and interpret the Bible properly.I think these wee defining ideas from Martin Luther were very powerful. I think a lot of people bought into these theses not only because they were believable, but because they could witness the wrongs that the church were committing. Luther argued that each person could directly and freely receive faith from God. Martin Luthers xcv theses had a major effect on religion and cultur e in early western civilization. I do not think religion would be like it would today if Martin Luther hadnt led his Lutherans and benefaction his theses.In the fourteenth century, religion was basically all formed into one, especially in Europe. I think all societies in Europe, were part of the Catholic Church. Religion might not have ever broke apart and became their own version of faith with multiple Gods and ideas, if not for Martin Luther. If Martin Luther did not have the courage to act and speak out against something as important as religion, then Catholics, Baptists, Protestants, and Lutherans might very well be completely different or even nonexistent. I ike how Martin Luther wrote his theses by quoting scriptures and adding facts to support his campaign and show Europeans what they had believed and witnessed for so long, but lacked valor to reform. I think it is very significant for people to know about the ninety-five theses and how it helped change and shape religion in early European culture. I really enjoyed reading and typography about Martin Luther and his reformation because I have a strong belief in freedom of religion. I do not think religion should ever be force on someone, and that it should only be something chosen to participate in.

Cambridge University Press Essay

In literature, the notions of a main(a) and a despot were always mixed. Philosophical and theological works have not delineated any figure out boundaries between a free and a tyrant. However, several professors have moveed to determine, whether it was permissible to propel a tyrant, and how easily a sovereign could turn into a tyrant. In order to decide whether it is possible to resist a tyrant, we should determine who a tyrant is, and what resistance is meant by the question.Bodin (1992) refers to a tyrant as soul who makes himself into a sovereign prince by his own authority without election, or right of succession, or lot, or a just war, or a special calling from God. Furthermore, tyrants are identified as those who are cruel, despotic or excessively wicked (Bodin, 1992). Although ancient writers discussed the possibility of resisting to tyrant, they have not evaluated the risks for such resistance. Any opposition, whether existing or imagined (planned) would be equale d to treason.Furthermore, a tyrant is also a sovereign who possesses absolute power and unfathomable rights. Bodin (1992) suggests that the nation does not have the right to kill or physically eliminate the tyrant still it can ignore the decisions that contradict to the laws of nature and God (Bodin, 1992). In this context, we should also remember that to be a sovereign does not necessarily means to be a tyrant but being a tyrant always implies being a sovereign.It is a matter of ethical and powerful boundaries that each sovereign is able to cross. The first prerogative of a sovereign prince is to give law to all in superior general and each in particular (Bodin, 1992). This is also a prerogative of a tyrant, but a tyrant gives law without distinguishing between wickedness and virtue (Bodin, 1992). In general, Bodin (1992) concludes that it is never permissible for a subject to attempt a thing against a sovereign price, no matter how wicked and cruel a tyrant he may be.The probl em is in that we still lack a proper exposition of what a tyrant is. We risk abusing a sovereign for high taxes, but that does not mean that this sovereign is a tyrant A tyrant may have the right to punish conspirators, but this may also be a natural need to protect ones right to pull round (Bodin, 1992). That is why we cannot make tyrants elimination lawful. References Bodin, J. (1992). On Sovereignty. Cambridge Cambridge University Press.

The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 4

MichaShes already got you on the whole hot and bot presentd. Ethan sips on his soda. touch sensation at you. D perseverek later on eight months of sobriety and I dont believe its a coincidence it happened on the akin night she showed up.I slam a nonher shot masking and wipe my lips with the back of my collapse. Im amercement man. And I movet blame what I do on anyone else besides myself. This isnt Ellas fault. Ethan laughs, tipping his designate back, bumping it on the edge of the cupboard. Who the nether region be you trying to convince? You survive just as well as every undivided person in the room knows that you two are each new(prenominal)s problem and its never going to be fixed until you fuck and get it oer with.I punch him in the arm, seriouslyer than I planned. Watch it. Youre walking on thin ice tonight.He h senescents up his hands, surrendering. Sorry, I forgot how you get when youre handle this.I impound a fist full of his shirt and jerk him toward me. Like what?Again, he forfeits up his hands. Micha man, calm shine and go drink some c byee or something. Youre trashed come in of your mind.I release him and rake my fingers by dint of my tomentum cerebri, frustrated with something I cant grasp. Coffees a myth And I need something else. My disembodied spirit travel to the back portal window, and suddenly I understand what I need. I pat Ethans shoulder. Clear everyone out(p) before my mummy gets firm, okay?Al justly, man will do, he replies con rigedly. alone where are you going?On a walk. I knock people out of my way, and stumble out the back door. Regaining my balance, I trip across the grass and raise everywhere the fence. Ellas dads Firebird is parked in the driveway, so he must be home from the bar. Doesnt matter, though. He wont notice or elevator care if I sneak in. Ive been doing it since we were kids.Although, my intentions did get a eccentric dirtier the older we got.I stare up at her fork oerroom window unt il I reach the tree. aft(prenominal) a drunken struggle, I make it to the top and I inch along the brassierench to the window. cup me hands around my eyeball, I peek inside. The lights are off, but the glow of the moon lights a pass over to her cognise. Shes fast asleep. I inch open the window, slicing my finger on a rusty nail. give I suck on my finger tip, the taste of blood and vodka bitter against my tongue as I head dive through the window and hit the floor with a modest thud.Her friend shoots genuine from the bed on the floor, her eyes wide. Oh my God.I put my finger to my lips as I get to my feet. Shh She silence sees worried so I dazzle her with my well-nigh charming smile.That seems to win her over and she settles back in her bed. As carefully as I can, I step over her bed and crawl in with Ella. Shes always been a heavy sleeper and doesnt stir. I press my chest against her back, drape my arm over her waist, and feel the rhythm of her inklinging. God, Ive missed this way in any case much. Its not healthy. I burrow my face in her have it away, faceing the scent of her hair, vanilla mixed with something thats only(prenominal) her.I shut my eyes and for the first duration in eight months, I fall into a peaceful sleep.EllaI sleep horribly for half(prenominal) the night, tossing and turning, same(p) the princess sleeping on a pea. Only I am far from a princess and the pea is my guilty conscience. I dont know why I feel guilty or so blowing off Micha. Ive through it breezily for the past eight months. Although, he wasnt living right next door with his sad pup dog eyes and charming sexiness.My sleep deprivation only got worse when my dad stumbled into the admit in the middle of the night, bumping over cups and bottles, drunk off his ass. Later, I heard him crying in the bathroom my florists chrysanthemum died in. It still hurts to hear because his tears are my fault.Once I fall asleep, I am out and it ends up being the best nights rest Ive had in ages. When I wake up in the new-made afternoon, I feel refreshed and calm. Until I realize why.Micha is in my bed and has me in his long, lean harness. His form is curved into mine, so every single part of him is touching me. I know its him by the smell of his cologne mixed with mint and something else that only belongs to Micha. I pretend to be asleep, engulfed in a terrific dream, refusing to wake up until he leaves.I know youre awake, he whispers in my ear. His voice is hoarse and his breath is stale with booze. So open your eyes and quit avoiding me.You know its illegal to walk into someones house without permission, I say with my eyes shut. And sneaking into someones bed thats the move of a pervert.I didnt walk in. I fell in, he says, amused. I pinch his firm chest and he laughs. instanter theres my feisty misfire. He brushes his soft lips across my forehead. Ive missed you, Ella May.Opening my eyes, I wiggle in his arms. Please dont start. Its too early.His e yes are guarded and his hair is a mess. He chuckles lowly, a sound that ripples deep inside my core. Pretend all you want, pretty girl. You and I know that deep gloomy youre secretly glad to be pressed up to my body. He urges our chests together as he snakes his legs around mine.My eyelids flutter against his warmth. God, Ive missed this so much. Way too much and so has my body, evidently.So where did you go? he asks, crushing my milliampereent of bliss. To school in Vegas? Because it mixture of surprises me. You never really desire school.My mind snaps back to reality. I dont want to get into this right now. I just want to run through a relaxing summer and then Im headed back to campus.He blinks, his eyelashes pother against my forehead. The feel of him sends a warm tingle up my thighs and I seal my lips to keep from moaning.His eyebrows knit. Its like youve been kidnapped by a bunch of nuns or something.Maybe I was, I say submissively. It wouldnt hurt anyone if I was.He cons iders this and an artful smirk curves at his lip. Thats not true. Nuns cant have sex and I still havent ful modify my lifelong dream of having sex with you.I open my mouth, my tongue locked and loaded with an equally perverted comeback, but I bite take, remembering Im not that kind of a girl anymore. I need to wake Lila up. Shes got a long drive ahead of her.With one swift roll, he has me pinned rase beneath his body and my arms trapped above my head. His aqua eyes search mine and its like staring at the perennial ocean. He sucks on his lip ring, lost in thought. Youre going to recite me, pretty girl, he asserts, tilting his head so his lips are next to my cheek. You always sort me everything.Micha, please. I despise how breathless I sound. You know why I left. You were there that night you saw me I cant do it again. Anxiety claws up my throat and my muscles tense beneath the weight of his body. Please let me up. I cant breathe.He props up on his arms. You could have talked to me, instead of running away. You know that.I shake my head. No, I couldnt. Not that succession. That time it was different. You were part of the reason I had to leave.Because you kissed me? he asks, dipping his voice to a husky growl. Or because I found you that way that night.I swallow the giant lump in my throat. The kiss was part of it. It was an earthshattering kiss, one that steal breaths, stageped hearts, and scared the shit out of me because it surfaced feelings Id never matte up before, ones that rendered me helpless.I dont want to talk about it. Now get off of me. I wiggle my arms between us and push on his chest.He sighs and rolls off me. Fine, dont talk about it, but it doesnt mean you can run away from me again. Ill copy you gobble up this time, he threatens with a wink as he climbs off the bed, and the chain hooked to his continue belt jingles. Get dressed and meet me out in the driveway. You have to go visit Grady today.No, thanks, I decline and tug the blanket o ver my head. And I told you go bad night I have bar to do today. Besides arent you hung over from last night? You were pretty profusiond.Dont do that, he says, aggravated. Dont pretend like you have some deep insight into me anymore. Youve been gone for eight months and a lot has c settleed.Im speechless. Micha, I light on, get out of bed. Youre going to see Grady, whether you like it or not. He yanks the blanket off me and tosses it on the floor, so Im lying there in my plaid shorts and skin-tight tank top with no bra on underneath. He gives me a prolonged once over, with a dark, lustful glint in his eyes and goosebumps sprout all over my skin.I cover myself with my arms. Im not going to Gradys. I just got home and I have things to do.Hes got cancer, Ella. He backs for the door, tucking his hands into the dismissions of his faded jeans. So get your bratty, split-personality ass out of bed and go see him before you cant.My arms fall to my sides as I sit up. Why didnt anyone tel l me?If you would have told someone where you were, we would have, he says. Although, Im pretty sure your father knew where you were, he just wouldnt tell anyone.I dont deny it.Besides, I told you in the voicemail I left yesterday, he says, glancing at my phone on the desk. But Im guessing you havent listened to that?I shake my head. No, I was too surprised to see your number on the screen.He bites on his lip ring, something he does when hes nervous. Yeah, you should probably just delete that. I dont hold youre ready for it yet.My esteem moves to my phone. What the hell is on it? I climb out of bed, arching my back and stretching like a cat. How bad is Grady?He swallows hard. Hes dying, so you need to get dressed and let me have a bun in the oven you to see him.I begin to object, but rethink my initial stupidity. Grady is the one part of my past that I could never run from. At one point, he was like a father to Micha and me. I even called him from Vegas once, although I didnt tel l him where I was.I nod. Let me get dressed and Ill be out in a second. befool you in a few. He winks at me and vanishes into the hall, leaving the door wide open behind him.Lila readily springs up from the trundle bed, clutching the sheet. Oh. My. Hell. What was that about? I mean, he crawled in here through the window in the middle of the night, and just climbed into bed with you.Thats what he does. I open the window letting in the prosperous breeze. Loose pieces of my hair dance around the frame of my face. Oh, no.Lila stretches her arms above her head. Whats wrong?I reluctantly get wind at her. I think someone might have confused your car for a canvas.She jumps out of bed and elbows me out of the way to get a look at the price done to her beautiful, nearly brand new Mercedes. My poor babyI pull a wall and a pink tank top out of my duffel bag. Get dressed and well go wait out the damage.She pouts, looking like she might cry. I cant drive it home like that. My parents will decimate me.I know plenty of people who can fix it for you, I say, opening the door. Or I use to, but Im sure its all the same.She nods and I go to the downstairs bathroom to change, avoiding the upstairs one. I turn on the shower so the mirror will fog up and hide my reflection. I comb my hair until it flips up at the ends naturally. Then I apply a light tincture of lip gloss and head out the door, but run into my dad on the stairway.When did you get here? His breath smells like gin and his eyes are red. His cheeks have sunken in over the last eight months and his skin is wrinkled like leather with sores. Hes in his late forties, but looks like hes force sixty.Last night, I tell him, pickings his arm and helping him up the stairs. I was in bed before you got home.He passings me a pat on the back. Well, Im glad to have you home.Im glad to be home, I lie with a smile as we reach the top of the stairs.He moves his arm away from my hand and rubs the back of his neck. Do you need any thing? Like help carrying in your boxes?I think I can handle it on my own, but thanks. I decline, sticking my arm out as he teeters toward the stairs.He nods and his eyes drift to the bathroom down the hall. Hes probably thinking about how much I look like her. It hurts his eyes, at least thats what he told me the night I went to the bridge. I guess Ill talk to you later on then. Maybe we could go to dinner or something? He doesnt leave me time to answer as he zigzags down the hall to his room, slamming the door shut behind him.My dad started drinking when I was about six, a few months after my mom got diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. His drinking habit wasnt that bad back then. He would spend a few nights at the bar and sometimes on the weekends, but after my mom died, beer and vodka took over both our lives.When I return to my room, Lila is dressed in a yellow sundress, with her blonde hair curled up and there is a pair of overly large sunglasses concealing her eyes.I feel like crap, she declares, putting her hands on her hips.This place has that effect on most people. I grab my phone, noting the flashing voicemail as I slip on my flip flops.We go outside, leaving the blackened air behind and step into the bright sunlight, surrounded by the scenery of rundown homes and apartments. The neighborhood is filled with motorcycle engines revving and far in the distance are the sounds of a lovers quarrel and Micha is nowhere to be seen.A long time ago, it felt like home, back when street racing and running wild felt natural, but now I just feel lost.Lila starts biting at her fingernails as she gapes confoundedly at her car. It looks worse up close.I circle her car with my arms folded, assessing the damage. It looks like a fruit basket, only instead of being filled with fruit its crammed with innuendos and colorful words. Im on the verge of laughing for some reason. They got you good.She shakes her head. This isnt funny. Do you know how much its going to cost to fix this?Lilas dad is a big shot lawyer over in California. Her parents are always sending her things like clothes, money, cars. She has never worked a day in her life and gave me a hard time for my waitressing job at Applebees, begging me to take time off to go to parties.So what do we do? She chips at some green paint on the headlamp with her fingernail.I point up the street. Theres an auto body shop not too far from here.She glistens down the road, which is covered in potholes and lined with filthy gutters. But this is a Mercedes.Im sure painting a car, no matter who the maker is, is all the same.But what if they do something to it?Like spray paint it again after they paint it? I say sarcastically and she scowls. Sorry. Well find someone, okay? We can take it to someplace in Alpine. Its a little nicer over there.I cant drive it when it looks like this, she complains, motioning at the car. Its hideous.Ill drive it, then, I offer my hand out for her to give me the keys.Are you jok ing? She pats the hood of her car. This is my baby. No one drives it but me. You know that.I think your baby is in serious need of some plastic surgery. Micha strides off the porch of his house and onto the driveway. Hes changed into black jeans, a fitted grey t-shirt, and his blonde hair hangs in his eyes. Using his long legs, he jumps over the chain-linked fence between our yards. I know the perfect place to get it fixed and its here in town, so you wont have to drive it so far. He gives Lila a wink. Im Micha, by the way.Hi, Im Ellas roommate or old roommate anyway, she says with a warm smile and slides her sunglasses down the brim of her nose. Were not sure if were overlap a dorm room next semester.He presents her with his player grin. Sharing a room with Ella? That had to be tough. He shoots me a mischievous look, trying to get a rise out of me.She laughs and returns her glasses over her eyes. No, shes a pretty great roommate, actually. She cleans and cooks and everything. Its like having my own house maid.Ella was always good at that stuff, he agrees, knowing the real reason why. Even before my mom died, she was never good at taking care of the house. I had to learn how to take care of myself at a very young age, differently Id have starved and rotted away in a rat-infested house. So do you want me to take your car to that shop I was talking about? Like I said, its really close.Yeah, that sounds great. She shuffles her sandals against the concrete. Id rather go someplace close.I mentally roll my eyes. Leave it to Micha. He can get any cleaning woman to contradict herself if he wants to.He swings his arm around my shoulder and kisses me on the forehead. But I have to take pretty girl over here to see an old friend first.Please stop calling me that, I beg. Ive never liked the nickname and you know that. I never even got why you called me it.And thats the appeal of it, pretty girl. He tempts me closer to him and caresses my cheek with his lips, giving me a kiss that brings warmth to my skin. Now are you ready to go see Grady? You can come, too, if you want is it Lila?Yeah, its Lila. Lila Summers. She offers her hand and Micha shakes it. And sure Ill go. This place makes me a little nervous.Isnt your family expecting you to be home tonight? I escape from underneath Michas arm.Ill text them and tell them Im not leaving until tomorrow. She retrieves her cell phone and scrolls through her contacts. The car will be done by tomorrow, right?Its hard to say, Micha says. Ethan is the best, but a little slow.Her head snaps up and theres delight in her eyes. Ethan as in Ethan from the party last night? The one with the sexy hair and the really big hands?Micha bites down on his lip, stifling a laugh, and flicks me a sideways glance. I cant help but smile.Yep, thats the one, he says. Do you feel better about taking your car to him now?Well, yeah, if you think its okay? she checks. Im very grouchy about who works on my car or at least my dad is very peculiar(a) about who works on it.Itll be fine, he assures her with a wink. Ive never disappointed a girl yet.Oh yeah? Lila laughs, glancing at me uneasily, like shes worried shes stepping on my territory.So are we going to go or what? A ping of jealousy pinches inside my chest.Yep, lets go, beautiful. Micha leads the way around the fence and up his driveway to the garage.When I step inside, my mouth falls open. Parked in the middle, between the walls lined with shelves and tools, is a shiny 1969 bother Chevelle SS. Its painted in a smoky black with a cherry red racing run down the center. You finally fixed it up?He pats the shiny flawless hood, his eyes sparkling with excitement. I finally got around to it, after talking about it for four years. His eyes find mine, seeking my approval. So what do you think?Its kind of old. Lila pulls a face at the car. And really big.I thought you liked things big? Micha teases. I punch him in the arm and he laughs. Ow, I meant hands. Jeez get your mind out of the gutter.I roll my eyes. You did not, you pervert.He shrugs, his eyes lustrous in the sunlight filtering through the gritty windows. So what. It got you to lighten up, didnt it?Are we driving it to Gradys? I opt for a neutral voice.He slips his keys out of his pocket and tosses them to me. Yeah, go ahead. Its all yours.I swiftly shake my head and throw the keys back at him, like theyre scorching hot. No thanks. I dont want to.He cocks an eyebrow, looking sexy. What do you mean you dont want to?I mean I dont want to drive it. It nearly kills me to say it. I walk around the motility of the car, open the door, and gesture for Lila to get in.But it has a blown 572 Big Block in it, he says astounded with the keys hanging loosely from his fingers. How can you not want to drive it?My insides twitch to drive it, but I wont buckle. Its fine, Micha. Id rather be the passenger.What does that mean? A blown big block or some(prenominal) you said? Lila wonders as she walk s to the side of the car. Wait, are you guys talking cars? El doesnt like cars. In fact, she made us take the bus most of the time when we left campus.Oh really? His tone implies otherwise. Thats news to me.Its a waste of gas, I lie, attempting to mask the truth that I miss it. The rush, the speed, the adrenaline high.Lila ducks inside the car and into the backseat. I climb into the passenger side and Micha opens the garage door. He revs up the engine, letting it rumble, teasing me, before backing down the driveway.Im starting to think that the Ella you knew isnt the same one as I know. Lila buckles her seatbelt up.He spins the tires down the road. I think you might be on to something Lila, because the one I knew loved cars. In fact she used to hang out in the garage all day with the guys while the other girls played with their hair and makeup. He flashes me a dangerous grin. She used to get all excited when wed go racing.No matter how hard I try to hinder myself from get energized , I cant. Those hot summer nights, flying down the highway, neck and neck with another car, the rush soaring through my body.Micha trails his finger along my neck and rests it on my pulse. Youre getting excited just thinking about it.His touch spreads a longing through my body. I swat his hand away, cross my arms, and focus on the window, watching the neighborhood blur by as he cruises over the speed limit. Micha shifts the gears and the engine thunders louder, begging to burn rubber.Is it legal to be driving this fast? Lila asks nervously. We glance back at her and she grips the edge of the leather seat. It just seems like were going really fast, especially in a neighborhood.Micha holds my gaze resolutely as he downshifts and pumps up the rpms. What do you think? Speed up? Or slow down?I want to tell him to slow down, pull on my seatbelt, and look away, but a passion that was dead raves. He throttles the gas pedal, keeping his eyes on mine, venturing me to look away first.Um I dont think this is a good idea. Lilas voice is far away.The car surges faster down the narrow road and his eyes dare me to tell him to slow down and part of me wants to. Desperately. But as he shoves the shifter into the next gear, going faster and faster, my body pleads to let go.Suddenly, Lila screams, Stop signMichas eyes sparkle like sunlight reflecting into the ocean. He slams on the brakes, squealing the car to a halt, and throwing us all forward. My hand shoots out and I brace myself from hitting the dashboard.Are you crazy? Lilas voice cracks as she situates back into the seat and realigns her dress over her legs. What is wrong with you two?Micha and I look at each other and my body is burning with a hidden desire that I wont admit exists. My heart beats in my chest, rock steady and alive again. For a second, Im back in the place I lost.Then Micha decrepitudes it.See, the same old Ella still lives. He grins arrogantly as he drives through the intersection. She just needed a lit tle push out.I click the seatbelt locked, proving a point. No, she doesnt. Shes gone forever.Try all you want, but Im obstetrical delivery her back. He bites his lip, refocusing on the street as he mutters, I wont let that night ruin you forever.But it did. It broke me into a million pieces and blew them away in the wind, like crumbled leaves. That night was one of the most incredible nights Ive ever had.Then I quickly plummeted toward rock bottom.